1. Construct validity permits one to do which of the following?
a. Generalize
b. Attribute causality
c. Have confidence in constructs
d. Support hypothesis
2. Which of the following is a source of construct invalidity?
a. Bias
b. Random error
c. Carry-over effects
d. Counterbalancing
3. Internal validity allows one to do which of the following?
a. Generalize
b. Attribute causality
c. Have confidence in constructs
d. Support hypotheses
4. Which of the following is the most likely to have the greatest internal validity?
a. Surveys
b. Case studies
c. Relational research
d. Experiments
5. Test reliability determined by a correlation between scores from the same test taken at two different times is called
a. test-retest reliability.
b. parallel forms reliability.
c. split-half reliability.
d. predictive reliability.
6. Statistical reliability determines whether results
a. will occur five percent of the time.
b. occur because of chance.
c. are internally valid.
d. are produced by bias.
7. Which of the following is a major threat to internal validity?
a. Confounding
b. Deviant-case analysis
c. Truncated range
d. Dependent variables
8. A type of validity that is specifically concerned with being able to make causal statements about relationships between variables is _______________ validity.
a. External
b. Internal
c. Construct
d. Predictive
9. A replication of research helps to determine ______________ validity.
a. Construct
b. External
c. Internal
d. Predictive
